Answer: Option C
Tricalcium aluminate (C3A) comprises anywhere from 0 to 14% of a portland cement. Like C3S, it is highly reactive, releasing a significant amount of exothermic heat during the early hydration period. Unfortunately, the hydration products of formed from C3A contribute little to the strength or other engineering properties of cement paste. In certain environmental conditions (i.e., the presence of sulfate ions), C3A and its products can actually harm the concrete by participating in expansive reactions that lead to stress and cracking.
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